Fuel-saving device.



3f U. HAYS.

FUN SFU/'INE EVICE.

Avr-ummm FILED SWL lateutd Mar. 26, 1918.

ATTORNEY SAMUEL C. HAYS, 0F FRANKLIN, PENNSYLVANIA.

FUEL-SAVING DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

Application med september 29, 1917. serial No. 194,001.

To all. whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, SAMUEL C. Hays, a citizen of the United States, residing at Franklin, in the county of Venango and State of Penns lvania, have invented a new and useful Fue -Saving Device, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to al fuel saving dcvice for a stove, furnace, boiler or the like, and more particularly to the class of air inlet and preheater attachments forheating systems.

The primary object of the invention is the provision of an attachment of this character, wherein atmospheric air is admitted into the combustion chamber of a stove, furnace or the like, for the preheating of said air to promote combustion, with minimum consumption of fuel,`irrespective of the questionable high Qnlow grade or quality of the same.

Another object of the invention is the provision of an attachment of this character wherein maximum saving will be had in the utilization of fuel and a more steady fire attained with -resultant perfect combustion and maximum heating quality, the unspent gases will be burned, and .the enormous waste of heat checked, which heretofore has escaped through the chimney or flue.

A further object of the invention is the provision of an nttachmentof this character which is simple in construction, readil and easily installed in a smoke i e, or chimney for a stove, furnace or the qikle, thoroughly reliable and eiicient in its operation, as it assures preheated atmospheric air or heated oxygenladen air to comingle with the products of combustion to assure perfect combustion for the complete burning of waste gases, and also one which is inexpensive in manufacture.

The invention will be best understood from a considerationof the following detailed description, taken in connection with the accom anying drawing, forming part of this speci cation, with the further understanding that wh'ile thel drawing shows the practical form of the invention, the latter is not confined to any stricti conformity with the showing of the drawings, but may be changed and modified, so long as such i v changes and modifications come within the scope of the appended claims.

n the accompanying drawings:- Figure 1, is a fragmentary vertical sectional view through a fire box and chimney, showing the attachment in sectional elevation, constructed in accordance with the invention applied.

Fig'. 2, is a plan View and pivoted shutter.

Similar reference characters indicateucorresponding parts throughout the several views in the drawings.

Referring to the drawing in detail, A desi nates a portionfof the fire box` B the com mstion chamber, and C the smoke pipe or chimney of a stove, which are ot' any Ordinar wel] known construction, the same being s own merely to illustrate the application of the attachment constructed in a manner hereinafter fully. described.

The attachment is equally adaptable for use in a furnace, boiler or the like, and in fact, in any air heating systeni.

The4 air inlet and preheating attachment comprises a circular p ug or disk 5, preferably madefrom metahh )ing a peripheral screw thread 6, for the t pping of the same into a suitable hole formed the smoke C, the plug or disk being Ripe or chimney provided with an air inlet port or hole 7. which is adapted to be closed by means of a shutter or closure plate 8, pivoted for swinging movement upon a winged screw 9, engaged in the plug or disk 5, above the ort or hole 7 therein. Detachably engage( on the inner end of the plug or disk 5, after the same has been tapped or mounted in the smoke pipe or chimney (Y, is an elbow pipe section 9, which is formed at its ends with annular flanges 10, and screw Athreads 11, the flange 10 at one end being designed to abut or contact with the inner'-face of the smoke pipe or chimney C, concentrically of the plug or disk 5, while the adjacent screw thread 11, detachably secures the ,elbow pipe section to said plug or disk. The opposite end of the elbow pipe section 9 is located approximately central of the smoke pipe or chimney C, and is directed downwardly toward the combustion chamber in the re box A of the stove.

Detachably engaged in the free end of the elbow pipe section 9, is one end of `a straight pipe section 12, which extends downwardly into the combustion chamber B, the section 12, being formed with oppositethreaded ends 13, one bein screwed into the threaded end 11 of the e bow pipe section 9, while of the air inlet plugr detachably screwed on to the other end of regulate the vacuum or said pipe'section 1Q, is a nozzle 14, which is formed with a downii'ardly tapered passage 15, while the external diameter of Said nozzle 14, is uniform in crose section. thereby gradually. thickening the wall thereof from the inner to its outei` end, the inner end being formed with a screw thread 1G. for the detachable, engagement thereof with the lower end of the pipe section 1'2. The nozzle iu located at a point slightly elevated over the bed of fuel 17, within the tire box A. and the thickened wall of said nozzle 14, assures longer-ity thereto. to withstand the heat and Haine from the fuel when burnt within the fire box. Y f

Located within the straight pipe ISection 12. and resting upon the end thereof connected with the elbow pipe section .l, is an inverted substantially conical shaped nipple 1S. which constitutes an inner bailie for the. air admitted through the port or hole T, and the elbow pipe laci-tion 9. and this nipple 1S. with the nozzle 14. forni a pocket within the straight pipe Section 12. to constitute a preheating chamber 19. for the incoming air, So that said air will be preheated prior to the admission thereof into the combustion chamber B. through the nozzle 14. f'or comingling with the niispent gases therein to assure perfect combustion and the burning of the gases, which ordinarily escape through the smoke. pipe or chimney C. without the stove. A

liy the adjustment of the. shutter R. the, size of the port or hole 7. is regulated. thereb v varying the admission of air through the attachment to tbe combustion chamber li, interiorly of the stove.

Arranged within the smoke pipe or rhininoy C, at the desired point thereof. is the usual damper it). which can be manually turned to regulate o`r shut olf the draft. through said lmolte pipe or chimney.

The. air entering the attachment through the port or hole 7. strikes the baille. 18. and is detiected down under the same to within the chamber lJ. and the burning products: of combustion in escaping to the `anioli'e ipe or chimney contact with and highly lieat the. chamber l5). thereby positively assuring the ingoing air being heated. 'llie preheat ed air from the chamber it). enteral the. coinbustion chamber li. through the nozzle 14. to be deliverei'l'to the top of tbe fuel. whence it disseminatel and mixes with the liberated gases. The mixture of air ani gaa rising from the fuel eli'ectal a thorough mixing of a portion of the ail' from the chaiiibor 19. with the result that the gases al'e subjected to and guided b v varioual currents of heated air. and a perfect combustion iapromoted and produced. with minimum consumption of fuel. and the assurance of maximum heat..

The damper 10, is properly adjusted yto suction within the combustion chamber B, in the stove for determining the inflow `of atmospheric air through the iittacluiicnt into said combus tion chamber B. ibove thc fuel bed 17, in the fire box A of said stove. The nipple 18, at its wide end is formed with an outtiirned flange 21, corresponding to the cross sectional size of the straight pipe section 1Q, to rest upon its end thereof engaged with the elbow pipe section 9, of the attachment, and in this manner, said nipple 18, is held supported within the straight pipe section 0 said attachment.

The attachment permits oxygen to How into the combustion chamber, and there become heated. causing it to exp-.ind for eoiiiingling with the products of combustion to effect the burning of the nnspent gases, with resultant saving in' fuel. and perfect combustion.

From the foregoing` it is thought that the construct ion and inaimer of operation of the attachment will be clearly understood, and, therefore. a'A more extended explanation has been omitted.

What is claimed isz- Y l. A device of the character described comprising an air inlet pipe adapted tobo located within a `smoke pipe to extend within they combustion cliainbeiof a stove or furnace, a nozzle carried b v one of the ends of the inlet pipe and extending to a point slightly above the fuel in said combustion chamber, a nipple located within the inlet pipe to provide a baille enacting with the nozzle to form a prelicating chamber in; said inlet pipe. means on the smoke pipe for mounting the latter and connected to the otherend of the inlet pipe. and means for elosin the inlet end of Said inlet pipe.

2. device of the character described comprising an air inlet'pipe adapted to be located within a Smoke pipe to extend within the. combustion eliaiiibe-r of a stove. or furnace. a nozzle carried by one of the ends of the i-iilet pipe and extending to a point Ilightly above the fuel in said eoinbustionchamber, a nipple locatedtwithin the inlet Ypipe to provide a batllecoacting with theiiozzle to form a prelieating chamber in Iaid inlet pipe. an inlet 4plug adapted for detachable engagement in theI smoke pipe and connected to the other end of the inlet pipe. a closure nieinber for the. inlet in Said plug, and means for holding the closure member in adjusted position to var)v the inlet.

3. A device of the character described comprising an air inlet pipe adapted to be located Within a smoke pipe to extend within the combustion chamber of a Stove or furnace. a nozzle carried by of tho inlet pipe and extending to a point. Slightly abore the fuel in said combustion chamber. a nipple located within the inlet. pipo to provide a batlie coacting with the nozzle to form a preheating chamber in said inlet pipe, an inlet plug adapted for detachable engagement in the smoke pipe and connected to the other end of the inlet pipe, a shutter for the inlet in said plug, and means for holding the shutter in adjusted position to vary the inlet, the nozzle being gradually thickened from the inner to itsouter end.

4. A device of the character described comprising an air inlet pipe adapted to be located within the smoke pipe to extend within the combustion chamber of a stove or `furnace, a nozzle carried by one of the ends of the inlet pipe and extending to a point slightly above the fuel in said combustion chamber, a nippl located Within the inlet pipe to provide baffle coaeting with the nozzle to form a reheating chamber in said inlet pipe, an inl plug adapted for detachable enga ement n the smoke pipe and connected to e oth lr end of the inlet pipe, a. shutterford'the i let in said plug, means for holding the .-hut er in adjusted position to vary the inlet, e nozzle being gradually thickened from he inner to its outer end, and a flange on he inlet pipeend adjacent the" plug to contact with the inner surface of the wall of the Smoke pipe concentrically of said plug. l

5. A device f the character described comprising an air inlet pipe adapted to be located within a sm ke pipe to extend within the combustion "chamber of a Stove orfurnace, a nozzle carried by one of the ends of the inlet pipe and extending to a point slightly above fuel in said combustion cham bei, a nipple located within the inlet pipe to provide a/.ba e coacting with the nozzle to form a prehcating chamber in Said'inlct, pipe, an inlet plug adapted for detachable engagement in the smoke pipe and connected to the other end of the inlet pipe, a shutter for ,the inlet in said plug, means for holding the shutter in adjusted position to vary the inlet, the nozzle being gradually thickened from the inner to its outer end, a flange on the pipe end adjacent the plug to contact with the inner Vsurface of the wall of the smoke pipe, concentrically of said plug, and screw threads formed on the ends of the scctions ot the inlet pipe for detachably connecting the sections to each other. and also for the detachable connection of the plug and nozzle with the inlet pipe.

f bln.. a device of the character described the combination with a combustion chamber and a smoke pipe leading therefrom, of an externally threaded air inlet plug engaged in the wall of the si oke pipe, an elbow pipe section within the smokc pipe. and having threaded ends, one end beingr detachably engaged with the threaded plug, a straight pipe section having` threaded ends.y one threaded `end oi said straight pipe section being detachably engaged in the other threaded end of the elbow pi )e `Se( ion, an inverted conical shaped nipp e w" hin the straight pipe section and resting on` the end thereof engaged with the elbow pipe section, and a nozzle detachably threaded on the other threaded end of the Straight pipe section and extending to a point slightly above lthe fuel bed Within the combustion chamier.

7. In a device of the character described.

the combination with a combustion chamber and a smoke pipe leading therefrom, of an externally threaded inlet plug engaged in the wall of the smoke pipe, an elbow pipe i and a nozzler detachably threaded on the other threaded end of tion and extending to the straight pipe secthe said nozzle being gradually thickened from its inner end to the outer cud thereof.

8. In a device of the character described the. combination with a combustion chamber and a. smoke pipe leading therefron'i, of an externally threaded air inlet plug engaged in the wall of the smoke pipe and having threaded ends, one end being detachably engaged with the threaded plug. a straight. pipe section having threaded ends, one threaded end of. said lstraight pipe section being detachably engaged in the other threaded end otf the elbow pipe section, an inverted conical shaped nipple within the straight pipe section and resting on the end thereof engaged with the elbow pipe section, a nozzle dctachably threaded on the other threaded end of the straight'l pipe section and extending to a point slightly above the fuel bed within the combustion chamber, the said nozzle being gradually thickened from its inner end to the outer end thereof, and outturned annular flanges formed on the threaded ends of the elbow pipe section.

9. In a device of the character described the. combination with a combustion lchamber and a smoke pipe leading therefrom. of an externally threaded air inlet plug engaged in the wall of the threaded ends, one end being detachably engaged with the threaded plug, a straight pipe section having threaded ends, one threaded end of lsaid strai ht pipe section being detachably engage( in the othci threaded end of the' elbow pipe Section, an inverted conical shaped nipple within the straight pipe section and restingon the end a point slightly above the fuel bed within the combustion chamber.

smoke pipe and having v thereof envaged with the elbow pipe section, a nozzle dletachably threaded on the other threaded end of the straight pipe sectionand extending to a point slightly above the fuel bed within the combustion chamber, the said nozzle being gradually thickened from its inner end to the outer end thereof, outturned annular flanges formed on the threaded ends of the elbow pipe section, and an adjustable shutter carried by the inlet plug for its inlet.

10. In a. device of the character described the combination with a combustion chamber and a smoke pipe leading therefrom, of an externally threaded air inlet plug engaged in the wall of the smoke pipe and having threaded ends, one end being detachabl)v engaged with the threaded plug, a strai ht pipe section having threaded ent s, `one tireaded end ofsaid straight. pipe section being detachably engaged in the other threaded end of the elbow pipe sect ion, an inverted conical shaped nipple `a'itliin`the straight pipe section and restln on the end thereof engaged with the el ow pipe section. a nozzle detachably threaded on the other threaded end of the straight pipe section and extending to a point slightly above the fuel bed within the combustion chamber, the said nozzle being gradually thickened from its'inner end to the outer end thereof, outturned annular flanges formed on the threaded ends of the elbow pipe section, an adjustable shutter carried by the inlet plug for its inlet, and

means. for holding the shutter in its adjusted position.

11. In combination with the smokepipe and combustion chamber of a stove or furnace, an air inlet pipe in the form of an elbow having one end opening out at one side of the smoke pipe, means for closing the4 open yend of the air inlet, a nozzle connected teithe other end of the inlet pipe and extend ing'doivn into the combustion chamber, and a tapered nipple located within the inlet pipe and coactng with the nozzle to form a preheating chamber in said inlet pipe.

12. A device of the character described comprising an air inlet pipe adapted to be located within a smoke pipe to extend Within the combustion chamber ofa stove or furnaceya nozzle narried by one of the ends of the inlet. pipe and extei'iding to a point slightly above the fuel in said combustion ehaniber, a nipple located within the inlet pipe to provide a baille co-acting with the nozzle to form a preheating chamber in said inlet pipe, an inlet plug adapted for detachable engagement in the smoke pipe and connected to the other end of the inlet pipe, and a shutter for the inlet in said plug.

In testiinomy that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto atlixed my signature in the presence of tuo witnesses.

SAMUEL C. HAYS.

Witnesses:

JOHN N. MARK, E.' M. SwYnas. 

